Optimal Revisit time allocation in group target tracking under recursive Cramer-Rao Bayesian lower bound criterion

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD student, Malik Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Phased array radars leverage their electronic beam capability to perform a broader range of tasks compared to classical radars. Given the shared and constrained resources for task execution, effective resource and task management is crucial for these radar systems. While radar resource management for point target tracking has been extensively studied, this paper introduces an extension of this topic to group target tracking. The algorithm proposed in this study calculates the revisit time by solving an optimization problem and incorporates it into the group target tracking cycle. The optimization problem's cost function is formulated as a weighted combination of tracking accuracy and resource consumption. By solving this optimization problem based on the defined cost function and constraints, the revisit time for the next cycle is determined. The recursive nature of the "recursive Cramer-Rao lower bound" is utilized for the tracking accuracy component of the cost function. Comparative analysis between the proposed method, which incorporates an optimal revisit time, and the conventional approach of a fixed revisit time demonstrates a substantial reduction in cost ranging from 44 to 49 percent.

Keywords

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References

 
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https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102503
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[12] L. Zhejun, W. Hu, Y. Liu, and T. Kirubarajan, “Seamless Group Target Tracking Using Random Finite Sets,” Signal Processing, vol. 176, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107683.
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[19] R. Ahmadi Vanhari, and A. Bakhtafrouz, “Fast Design of Waveguide Microwave Filters Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Based on the S-parameters Method,” Radar, vol. 7(1), pp. 39-51, 2019, (In Persian).
        https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23454024.1398.7.1.4.2.
[20] S. M. M. Dehghan, and A. KashaniNia, “Phantom track generation for radar network deception in the presence of inaccuracy in the radar position,” Radar, vol. 9(1), pp. 63-73, 2022, (In Persian).
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[1] F. d'Apolito, C. Eliasch, C. Sulzbachner and C. Mecklenbräuker, “A Joint Multiple Hypothesis Tracking and Particle Filter Approach for Aerial Data Fusion,” 25th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), Linköping, Sweden, 2022. DOI: 10.23919/FUSION49751.2022.9841308.
2023,15, 2503.
[2] J.S. Fowdur, M. Baum, F. Heymann, P. Banys, “An Overview of the PAKF-JPDA Approach for Elliptical Multiple Extended Target Tracking Using High-Resolution Marine Radar Data, ” Remote Sens.,15, 2503, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102503
[3] Y. Yuan, W. Yi, L. Kong, “Joint tracking sequence and dwell time allocation for multi target tracking with phased array radar,” Signal Processing, vol. 192, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2021.108374.
[4] F. Masoumi-Ganjgah, R. Fatemi-Mofrad, N. Ghadimi, “Target tracking with fast adaptive revisit time based on steady state IMM filter,” Digital Signal Processing, vol. 69, pp. 154-161, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2017.06.007.
[5] C. Ting, H. Zi-shu, and T. Ting, “An IMM-based adaptive update rate target tracking algorithm for phased array radar,” International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2007. 
DOI: 10.1109/ISPACS.2007.4446022.
[6] T. Cheng, X. Li, Q. Tan and Y. Su, “Adaptive Time Space Resource and Waveform Control for Collocated MIMO Radar with Simultaneous Multi-Beam,” Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 47-59, 2022. DOI: 10.23919/JSEE.2022.000006.
[7] P. Zhu, J. Liang, Z. Luo and X. Shen, “Cognitive Radar Target Tracking Using Intelligent Waveforms Based on Reinforcement Learning,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 61, pp. 1-15, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2023.3298355.
[8] X. Wang, W. Yi, M. Xie, B. Zhai and L. Kong, “Time management for target tracking based on the predicted Bayesian Cramer-Rao lower bound in phase array radar system,” 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion), Xi'an, China, 2017. DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009857.
[9] L. Mihaylova, A. Y. Carmi, F. Septier, A. Gning, S. K. Pang, and S. Godsill, “Overview of Bayesian sequential Monte Carlo methods for group and extended object tracking,” Digital Signal Processing, vol. 25, pp 1-16, 2014. DOI: 10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009857.
[10] J. W. Koch, “Bayesian approach to extended object and cluster tracking using random matrices,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 1042-1059, 2008. DOI: 10.1109/TAES.2008.4655362.
[11] K. Granström, and U. Orguner, “On Spawning and Combination of Extended/Group Targets Modeled With Random Matrices,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 61, pp. 678-692, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TSP.2012.2230171.
[12] L. Zhejun, W. Hu, Y. Liu, and T. Kirubarajan, “Seamless Group Target Tracking Using Random Finite Sets,” Signal Processing, vol. 176, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107683.
[13] M. Baum and U. D. Hanebeck, “Extended Object Tracking with Random Hypersurface Models,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 149-159, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/TAES.2013.120107.
[14] K. Granström, M. Baum, “A Tutorial on Multiple Extended Object Tracking,” TechRxiv, Preprint, 2022. DOI: 10.1109/TAES.2013.120107.
 [15] S. Yang and M. Baum, “Tracking the Orientation and Axes Lengths of an Elliptical Extended Object,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 67, no. 18, pp. 4720-4729, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TSP.2019.2929462.
[16] H. L. Van Trees and K. Bell, editors. “Bayesian Bounds for Parameter Estimation and Nonlinear Filtering/Tracking,” Wiley, New York, NY, 2007.
 [17] S.R. Samare Hashemi, “Optimal Beamforming for Maximization of the Image SNR in Ground-Based Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar,” Radar, vol.6 (2), pp. 45-57, 2019, (In Persia).
https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23454024.1397.6.2.5.8.
[18] A. Forouzanmehr, and S. M. M. Dehghan, “Path Planning and Target Allocation for a Group of Cooperative UAVs in a Noise Jamming Mission,” Radar, vol. 9(2), pp. 41-56, 2022, (In Persian).
[19] R. Ahmadi Vanhari, and A. Bakhtafrouz, “Fast Design of Waveguide Microwave Filters Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Based on the S-parameters Method,” Radar, vol. 7(1), pp. 39-51, 2019, (In Persian).
        https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23454024.1398.7.1.4.2.
[20] S. M. M. Dehghan, and A. KashaniNia, “Phantom track generation for radar network deception in the presence of inaccuracy in the radar position,” Radar, vol. 9(1), pp. 63-73, 2022, (In Persian).
        https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23454024.1400.9.1.7.9.
Radar
Volume 11, Issue 1
Serial number 29, spring and summer quarterly
August 2023

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History

  • Receive Date: 13 April 2023
  • Revise Date: 20 July 2023
  • Accept Date: 04 August 2023
  • Publish Date: 23 August 2023

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