Simulation of SAR Images and Polarimetric Scattering Model of Three-Dimensional Targets

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

In recent years, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images have played an important role in the
detection and monitoring of ground targets because of their advantages such as independence
from climatic conditions and sensitivity to the target geometry. The complexity of SAR imaging
sensors, especially in the conversion process from raw data to image, has made it difficult to
interpret the behavior of sensors and their images. Hence, using the simulation of SAR images
can be effective in resolving this problem. In this regard, SAR image simulation of
three-dimensional objects is an essential step. In this paper, a method is presented to simulate
SAR images of three-dimensional targets and, thus, the polarimetric scattering matrix for pure
and distributed targets is developed. Also, the effects of sensor parameters and the geometry of
target are investigated in simulating the SAR images of 3D targets. 

Keywords


  1. Y. Q. Jin and F. Xu, “Polarimetric Scattering and SAR Information Retrieval,” John Wiley & Sons, 2013.
  2. C. Camporeale and G. Galati, “Digital Computer Simulation of Synthetic Aperture Systems and Images,” European Transactions on Telecommunications, vol. 2, pp. 343-352, 1991.
  3. J. C. Holtzman, V. S. Frost, J. L. Abbott, and V. H. Kaupp, “Radar Image Simulation,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience Electronics, vol. 16, pp. 296-303, 1978.
  4. R. K. Raney and G. J. Wessels, “Spatial Considerations in SAR Speckle Consideration,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 26, pp. 666-672, 1988.
  5. C. Brown, K. Sarabandi, and M. Gilgenbach, “Physics-Based Simulation of High-Resolution Polarimetric SAR Images of Forested Areas,” In proc. of the Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 2002, pp. 466-468, 2002.
  6. G. Franceschetti, M. Migliaccio, D. Riccio, and G. Schirinzi, “SARAS: A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Raw Signal Simulator,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 30, pp. 110-123, 1992.
  7. M. J. Collins and J. M. Allan, “Modeling and Simulation of SAR Image Texture,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 47, pp. 3530-3546, 2009.
  8. B. Zaharris, “Two-dimensional Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging and Moving Target Tracking using the Range Doppler Algorithm Simulated in MATLAB: A Thesis,” California Polytechnic State University, 2007.
  9. J. C. Curlander and R. N. McDonough, “Synthetic Aperture Radar, John Wiley & Sons, 1991.
  10. J. S. Lee and E. Pottier, “Polarimetric Radar Imaging: from Basics to Applications,” CRC press, 2009.
  11. F. Xu and Y.Q. Jin, “Imaging Simulation of Polarimetric SAR for a Comprehensive Terrain Scene using the Mapping and Projection Algorithm,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 44, pp. 3219-3234, 2006.
  12. K. Tragl, “Polarimetric Radar Backscattering from Reciprocal Random Targets,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 28, pp. 856-864, 1990.
  13. F. Kruse, A. Lefkoff, J. Boardman, K. Heidebrecht, A. Shapiro, and P. Barloon, “The Spectral Image Processing System (SIPS)—Interactive Visualization and Analysis of Imaging Spectrometer Data,” Remote sensing of environment, vol. 44, pp. 145-163, 1993.
  • Receive Date: 15 November 2015
  • Revise Date: 22 January 2024
  • Accept Date: 19 September 2018
  • Publish Date: 20 January 2017